Commercial CNI operators including hyperscale data centers have zero defeat authority under current U.S. law. Your legal toolkit is: detect, identify, track, alert, document, coordinate with law enforcement. The FAA Section 2209 UAFR NPRM (May 2026) gives airspace restriction authority — not defeat. The Tom Cotton bill (pending) is the legislative vehicle to watch. Design your architecture for defeat integration when authority arrives.
Standard RF jamming — the most common defeat method — has zero effect on fiber-optic FPV drones. The drone communicates through a physical cable. 35+ Ukrainian manufacturers producing FO drones by early 2026; Russia 30–50% adoption in some units. The correct response: acoustic + radar + EO/IR detection (RF-independent), physical netting over critical assets, and kinetic intercept where authorized. The only non-kinetic defeat: Epirus Leonidas HPM (demonstrated Jan 2026).
For the first time ever, state and local law enforcement can use defeat technology — but only with individual officer certification from FBI Huntsville (AL), only using systems on the federal approved technology list, only at designated events and sites (FIFA World Cup, NSSEs, airports, correctional facilities). $625M in FEMA grants to 11 FIFA host states. $500M FEMA program opens to all 56 states/territories in FY2027. Penalty for unauthorized use: $100K per violation.
Ukraine has proven at industrial scale what Western CNI programs need to know: physical netting stops FO drones that defeat the entire RF stack. 534+ km netted by end 2025, 2,500 miles planned by 2026. Acoustic sensors at <$500/unit achieve 95% interception coordination rates at scale. Layer everything — no single system is sufficient. The threat will not wait for a perfect architecture.
| Vendor | Category | Deployment | Market Focus | 2024–26 Key Development | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C-UAS TECHNOLOGY VENDORS | |||||
| Dedrone (Axon) | C2 / Detection | On-prem / Cloud / Air-gapped | Enterprise / Airport / CNI / Gov | Acquired by Axon Oct 2024. 800+ sites, 9 federal agencies, DHS SAFETY Act certified. BVLOS DFR added. | UPDATED |
| Anduril Industries | AI Platform / Autonomous | Edge / Distributed | DoD / Military / CNI | $642M IDIQ 10-year USMC contract. Lattice most capable AI-native C2. | ACTIVE |
| DroneShield | Detection / Defeat | Mobile / Fixed / Vehicle | Military / LEA / CNI | AU$57.5M 2024 revenue. NATO framework. SaaS revenues doubling. C2 Enterprise launched Oct 2025. | ACTIVE |
| Fortem Technologies | Radar / Interceptor | Fixed / Mobile | Airport / Stadium / CNI | $25M Lockheed Martin investment Apr 2026. DHS selected DroneHunter for FIFA World Cup 2026. | ACTIVE |
| D-Fend Solutions | Protocol Takeover | Fixed / Mobile / Portable | Airport / Prison / CNI | $31M raised. EnforceAir2: 4.5km detection, 1.2–4km takeover. Cleanest commercial defeat method. | NEW |
| SRC Inc. | Radar / EW | Fixed / Mobile / Vehicle | Military / DoD / Federal | Silent Archer mature DoD system. Serious radar and EW capability. | ACTIVE |
| BlueHalo | Directed Energy / EW | Fixed / Mobile | Military / IC / DoD | DE and RF defeat for classified/sensitive CNI sites. DoD/IC only. | ACTIVE |
| OpenWorks Engineering | Kinetic Intercept | Fixed / Portable | Military / Event / CNI | SkyWall net launchers. No jamming — legally cleaner for some deployments. | ACTIVE |
| Teledyne FLIR | Sensor / Platform | Fixed / Mobile / Integrated | Military / Border / CNI | Thermal + radar heritage. Growing as detection layer in multi-vendor stacks. | ACTIVE |
| Motorola Solutions | C2 Integration | Cloud / On-prem / Hybrid | Enterprise / Public Safety | Integrating C-UAS alerting into Avigilon and VESTA platform. | ACTIVE |
| Axis Communications | Detection / Camera | Edge / Fixed | Enterprise / CNI / Airport | ACAP drone detection. Detection only — no defeat capability. | ACTIVE |
| Leonardo S.p.A. | Integrated C-UAS | Fixed / Mobile / Naval | Military / Gov / CNI | Falcon Shield: full detection through defeat. Major EU defense prime. | ACTIVE |
| Skyfend | Portable Defeat | Handheld / Mobile | Military / LEA / Events | AFA100 compact handheld multi-band jammer for tactical response teams. | NEW |
| DAAS OPERATORS — MANAGED AERIAL SECURITY | |||||
| Titan Protection & Consulting | DaaS / Managed Service | BVLOS Nationwide | Commercial / Industrial / CNI | First nationwide BVLOS waiver. Feb 2026: first one-to-many BVLOS approval. 60% cost reduction vs. guards. | NEW |
| Dedrone / Axon DFR | C-UAS + DaaS Hybrid | Cloud / BVLOS | LEA / Public Safety / CNI | Only vendor covering C-UAS defense AND DFR response from single platform. | NEW |
| Stealth Monitoring | Managed Video / Drone | Cloud / Remote | Commercial / Retail / Multi-site | #1 N. American remote video monitoring. 100,000+ cameras. Drone emerging layer. | ACTIVE |
| Company | Position | CNI / Data Center Relevance | Key 2024–26 Development |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anduril Industries | Most transformative overall | High — DoD into CNI | $642M Marine Corps IDIQ; Lattice expanding to commercial |
| Dedrone (Axon) | Strongest commercial enterprise player | Very High — deepest CNI/airport/prison footprint | Axon acquisition Oct 2024; DFR integration; 800+ sites; DHS SAFETY Act |
| DroneShield | Strong global tactical player | Moderate-High — defense + CNI crossover | AU$57.5M 2024 revenue; NATO framework; SaaS doubling |
| Fortem Technologies | Best interceptor innovation | High — airports, stadiums, CNI | DroneHunter kinetic intercept; $25M Lockheed investment; FIFA World Cup |
| D-Fend Solutions | Cleanest defeat method commercially | High — airports, prisons, CNI | EnforceAir cyber-takeover: no jamming, soft landing, evidence preserved |
| Titan Protection | Leading DaaS operator | High — no FAA complexity; 60-day deployment | First nationwide BVLOS waiver; first one-to-many approval Feb 2026 |
Most significant development of 2026. Creates 14 CFR Part 74 with Standard and Special UAFR designations. Up to 9,000+ eligible CNI facilities including data centers (IT sector). Gives airspace restriction authority. Does NOT authorize defeat technology. Comment period through July 6, 2026.
Part of FY2026 NDAA. First-ever defeat authority extension to certified SLTT law enforcement. Individual officer certification required at FBI Huntsville. $625M FEMA grants to 11 FIFA host states. $500M FEMA program opens to all 56 states/territories FY2027.
| Layer | Function | U.S. Legal Status for Private CNI | Key Vendors |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 — Detection | Finding the drone. Radar, RF, acoustic, EO/IR, AI fusion. | LEGAL — unrestricted | Dedrone, DroneShield SentryCiv, Fortem TrueView, FLIR, Axis |
| 2 — ID / Tracking | What is it, where is the pilot, flight path, Remote ID parsing. | LEGAL — unrestricted | Dedrone DedroneTracker.AI, DroneShield SensorFusionAI, Anduril Lattice |
| 3 — Mitigation | Alert, document, coordinate law enforcement. No active defeat. | LEGAL — detect + alert | All platforms provide alert/workflow. FAA UAFR = airspace restriction only. |
| 4 — Defeat | RF jamming, spoofing, protocol takeover, kinetic intercept, HPM. | RESTRICTED — fed/mil only (private: Tom Cotton bill pending) | DroneShield, D-Fend, Fortem DroneHunter, Epirus Leonidas, Anduril |
| 5 — C2 Software | Single pane of glass: sensors, alerts, maps, AI, workflows. | LEGAL — software unrestricted | Dedrone DedroneTracker.AI, DroneShield DroneSentry-C2, Anduril Lattice |
| Vendor / Product | Hardware (one-time) | Software / SaaS (annual) | Implementation | Year 1 Total (single site) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dedrone / DedroneTracker.AI + sensors | RF sensors: $20–50K ea.; portable kit: ~$21K (GSA); typical site: $80–200K | $30–100K/year (site-based) | $20–60K | $130K–$360K · Large CNI/airport: $500K+ |
| DroneShield DroneSentry + C2 | DroneSentry node: $80–150K; DroneGun: $30–50K | $20–50K/year C2; $10–30K/year SentryCiv (detect only) | $30–80K | $130K–$280K · Multi-node large site: $400K–$1M+ |
| Fortem SkyDome (TrueView + DroneHunter) | TrueView: $50–150K ea.; DroneHunter: $100–250K ea.; net packs: $1–3K (consumable) | $30–80K/year | $40–100K | $220K–$580K · Airport-scale: $1M–$3M+ |
| D-Fend EnforceAir2 | $150–300K per unit | $20–50K/year | $15–40K | $185K–$390K · Fed buyers only under current law |
| DroneShield SentryCiv (detect only — civilian legal) | $15–30K sensor hardware | $10–30K/year subscription | $5–15K | $30–75K · Most affordable legal detection option for commercial CNI |
| Titan Protection (DaaS) | $5–15K docking station install (no hardware purchase) | $36–96K/year subscription ($3–8K/month) | $10–20K; 60-day deployment | $50–130K · 60% lower than equivalent guard coverage |
| Anduril (Lattice + Sentry Tower) | $200–500K+ per Sentry Tower; $1M–$5M+ site | $200K–$1M+/year | $100K–$500K+ | $1.5M–$6M+ · Government contract only — not commercial purchase |
DHS SAFETY Act certified. Best-in-class C2 ecosystem. Deep VMS and Axon integration. Largest commercial deployment footprint. Air-gapped option available. Unique upgrade path: buy detect-only today, add defeat when law permits without switching platforms. Correct starting point for any enterprise or CNI C-UAS program.
When Congress extends defeat authority to CNI operators — and it will — EnforceAir will be on the approved list first. No jamming, no RF collateral, drone recovered intact as evidence. Already deployed at U.S. government agencies and major international airports. Start tracking D-Fend now.
First nationwide BVLOS waiver. First one-to-many approval (Feb 2026). 60-day deployment. No FAA complexity. 60% documented cost reduction vs. guards. Correct bridge contract or permanent DaaS deployment for new campus coming online.
Private operators cannot legally activate defeat technology in the United States regardless of hardware ownership. If a vendor is selling you commercial defeat capability, they are either selling you equipment you cannot legally use, expecting you to bear the legal risk, or misrepresenting the product. Scope contracts explicitly to legally permitted use.
Epirus Leonidas HPM demonstrated the first-ever defeat of a fiber-optic FPV drone using non-kinetic means. All RF-based defeat (jammers, spoofers, protocol takeover) is blind to FO drones. Leonidas HPM physically destroys drone electronics via directed electromagnetic energy regardless of control method. This is the most important C-UAS development in years. Every kinetic system in the table also works against FO drones because they attack the airframe, not the signal.
| System | Manufacturer | Platform | Defeat Method | Range | FO Drone Defeat | U.S. Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HANDHELD | ||||||
| DroneGun Mk4 / Mk5 | DroneShield (AU) | Handheld | RF Jamming | 1–5 km | NO — RF only | FED/MIL ONLY |
| DroneBuster Block 4 | DZYNE / EchoStar (US) | Handheld | RF Jamming | 1–3 km | NO — RF only | FED/MIL ONLY |
| DroneGun Tactical | DroneShield (AU) | Handheld | RF Jamming | 1–2 km | NO — RF only | FED/MIL ONLY |
| SMASH 2000L | Smart Shooter (IL) | Rifle Optic Add-on | Kinetic (rifle round) | 200–400m | YES — kinetic | FED/MIL |
| SMASH 3000 | Smart Shooter (IL) | Rifle Optic Add-on | Kinetic | 400–600m | YES — kinetic | FED/MIL |
| Skyfend AFA100 | Skyfend | Handheld | RF Jamming | 1–1.5 km | NO — RF only | FED/MIL ONLY |
| SHOULDER / PORTABLE | ||||||
| SkyWall 100 | OpenWorks (UK) | Shoulder-launched | Kinetic — net capture | <100m | YES — kinetic net | FED/MIL ONLY |
| DefendAir (ParaZero) | ParaZero (IL) | Man-portable / Carbine | Kinetic — net launch | 20–70m | YES — kinetic net | FED |
| SkyWall 300 Patrol | OpenWorks (UK) | Tripod / Vehicle | Kinetic — net capture | <150m | YES — kinetic | FED/MIL ONLY |
| VEHICLE-MOUNTED | ||||||
| DroneSentry-X Mk2 | DroneShield (AU) | Vehicle / Fixed-site | RF Detection + Defeat | 1–3 km defeat | NO — RF only | FED/MIL ONLY |
| RCWS320C-UAS | Rheinmetall (DE) | Remote-controlled vehicle | Kinetic (M134D minigun) + soft kill | 200–600m kinetic | YES — kinetic | FED/MIL ONLY |
| Leonidas Autonomous Robotic | Epirus + GDLS (US) | Unmanned tracked vehicle | High-Power Microwave | 1–2 km+ (classified) | YES — HPM defeats FO | FED/MIL ONLY |
| FS-LIDS | Northrop / DRS (US) | Fixed-site / Vehicle | Multi-layer (kinetic + EW) | Several km | PARTIAL (kinetic layer) | FED/MIL ONLY |
| Coyote Block 3 + KuRFS | Raytheon (US) | Mobile platform + radar | Kinetic (interceptor drone) | Several km | YES — kinetic | FED/MIL ONLY |
| DRONE-ON-DRONE | ||||||
| DroneHunter (Fortem) | Fortem Technologies (US) | Autonomous interceptor drone | Kinetic — net capture | 0.5–2 km | YES — kinetic net | FED/MIL ONLY |
| Bullet Interceptor | General Cherry (Ukraine) | Autonomous interceptor | Kinetic | 1–5 km | YES — kinetic | FED/MIL ONLY |
| UEB-1 | OSIRUS AI (Ukraine) | Autonomous interceptor | Kinetic | 1–3 km | YES — kinetic | FED/MIL ONLY |
| Octopus-100 | UK-Ukraine JV | Autonomous interceptor | Kinetic | 1–3 km | YES — kinetic | NATO FRAMEWORK |
| Roadrunner-M | Anduril Industries (US) | Reusable VTOL interceptor | Kinetic + loiter | 20+ km | YES — kinetic | FED/MIL ONLY |
| DIRECTED ENERGY — LASER | ||||||
| HELIOS | Lockheed Martin (US) | Fixed ship-mount / ground | Laser | Several km | PARTIAL (single target; burns electronics) | FED/MIL ONLY |
| HELWS | Raytheon (US) | Vehicle / fixed site | Laser | 1–3 km | PARTIAL (single target) | FED/MIL ONLY |
| CLWS | Northrop Grumman / USN | Ship-mount | Laser | <2 km | PARTIAL | FED/MIL ONLY |
| HIGH-POWER MICROWAVE — ONLY NON-KINETIC SYSTEM PROVEN AGAINST FIBER-OPTIC DRONES | ||||||
| Leonidas IFPC-HPM Gen II ★ | Epirus (US) | Fixed / vehicle / pod | HPM — disables all electronics | 1–3 km+ (classified) | YES — ONLY non-kinetic FO defeat (Jan 2026) | FED/MIL ONLY |
| DEFEND | Raytheon (US) | Fixed / vehicle | HPM / EMP | Several km | YES — EMP disables electronics | FED/MIL ONLY |
| Leonidas Pod | Epirus (US) | Man-portable / any platform | HPM | <1 km portable | YES — HPM | FED/MIL ONLY |
| MoRFIUS | Lockheed Martin (US) | Vehicle / fixed | RF directed energy | 1–2 km | YES — EMP | FED/MIL ONLY |
| Country | Status | Detection Legal | Defeat: Private / CNI | Key Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ukraine | CONFLICT ZONE | YES | YES — all defeat | Active war. All defeat means authorized. Most permissive environment on earth. |
| Israel | CONFLICT / ELEVATED | YES | LIMITED — CNI expanding | IDF broad defeat. Civilian CNI petition for EW/kinetic at designated facilities. |
| Russia / China / UAE / Saudi Arabia | PERMISSIVE (STATE) | YES | YES — state/approved CNI | State and approved CNI operators have broad defeat latitude. Not relevant for Western procurement. |
| United States | GOV / FED ONLY | YES | NO — fed only | Most restrictive major democracy. FAA UAFR NPRM (May 2026): airspace restriction only — no defeat. |
| United Kingdom / Australia / Canada | GOV / MIL ONLY | YES | NO — fed only | Military and national police hold defeat authority. Private CNI: detection only. |
| Germany | EVOLVING | YES | EXPANDING — airports, nuclear, CNI | Leading NATO Drone Wall. Airports, nuclear, parliament: extended authority post-2024. |
| France | EVOLVING | YES | EXPANDING — CNI petition | Gendarmerie broad defeat. CNI at sensitive sites: petition-based. Paris 2024 Olympics model. |
| Poland | EVOLVING | YES | EXPANDING — energy, water, border | $2.2B drone wall. Most advanced CNI defeat framework in Central Europe. |
| Estonia | EVOLVING — LEADING | YES | EXPANDING — broadest in EU | 2025 legislation expanded significantly. Broadest CNI defeat latitude in EU. |
| Japan / South Korea / Finland / Latvia | EVOLVING | YES | EXPANDING — petition process | Significant 2024–25 amendments. CNI petition defeat authority expanding in all four nations. |
| Brazil / Mexico | RESTRICTED | YES | NO currently | Military defeat authority only. Private CNI: detect only. Legislation evolving. |
| EU (EASA) | EVOLVING | YES | MEMBER STATE DEPENDENT | EU does not set defeat policy. Feb 2026 Action Plan called for harmonized CNI framework. Legislation expected 2026-2027. |
Net over cooling towers, generators, access roads. Stops FO drones identically to RF-controlled drones — catches the airframe, not the signal. Ukraine: 534+ km installed, 2,500 miles planned. $5–50/m² — highest ROI immediate investment for any CNI site.
Steel, Kevlar, or UHMWPE panels around generators, fuel tanks, UPS, switchgear. Stops drone-delivered fragmentation and shaped-charge payloads. Pre-fab enclosures available. $200–1,500/m².
Move fuel lines, fiber conduits, power feeds underground. Above-ground fuel and fiber are primary drone targets in Ukraine. Underground routing eliminates the attack surface permanently. $500–5,000/linear meter.
| Method | Effectiveness vs. FO | Legal for U.S. CNI | Key Application |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physical Anti-Drone Netting | HIGH — proven | YES — no authority needed | Cooling towers, generator compounds, access roads. $5–50/m². |
| Acoustic Detection | MODERATE — improving | YES — detection only | FO drones louder than standard FPV. Ukraine: 14,000+ sensors, <$500 each, 95% coordination rate. |
| Radar Detection (Drone-Specific) | MODERATE | YES — detection only | FO drones reflect radar normally. Pair with acoustic + EO/IR for RF-independent detection. |
| EO/IR Optical Tracking | MODERATE | YES — detection only | Visual + thermal tracking. Critical for night coverage. DroneShield VisionAI, Fortem, FLIR. |
| AI Drone-on-Drone Intercept | HIGH (military grade) | FED/MIL ONLY | No RF lock needed. Ukraine: 100,000+ interceptors 2025. Octopus-100 UK production Jan 2026. |
| Epirus Leonidas HPM | HIGH — only non-kinetic FO defeat | FED/MIL ONLY | Physically destroys drone electronics via HPM regardless of control method. Demonstrated Jan 2026. |
| Physical Target Hardening | HIGH — passive backstop | YES — no authority needed | If you cannot defeat it, protect the asset. Blast screens, armored enclosures, underground routing. |
| Company | Product Type | International Access |
|---|---|---|
| TAF Industries | FPV / EW / Interceptor / Components | German-Ukraine JV with Wingcopter (Feb 2026). $20M overseas JV operating. Brave1 platform. |
| General Cherry | FPV / Interceptor / Mid-range strike | Deal with Wilcox Industries — U.S. manufacturing in New Hampshire (2026). Most accessible for U.S. buyers. |
| DroneUA / 603700 | Flight Controllers / Electronics | Actively exporting to U.S. since March 2025 via dealer network. No government agreement required. Most commercially accessible. |
| Wild Hornets | Interceptor / FPV | Government platform only. Direct export contracts expected mid-2026. Gov-to-gov only. |
| OSIRUS AI | AI Interceptor | NATO Innovation Challenge 2025. Technology transfer discussions. NATO framework pathway. |
| Octopus-100 (UK-Ukraine JV) | Interceptor — mass production | UK-based production. 1,000 units/month from Jan 2026. Available via NATO/UK procurement framework. |
| Brave1 Platform | Government Marketplace | brave1.gov.ua — 3,000+ vetted defense tech projects. Primary entry for institutional buyers. |
Despite expanded authority, interagency coordination failures are documented. In March 2026, DoD used a counter-drone laser near El Paso without FAA notification — forced airspace shutdown. Two weeks later, the military downed a DHS/CBP drone because CBP failed to notify DoD of its own operations. Sen. Cantwell demanded immediate reform. Authority on paper ≠ operational readiness.
| Agency | Authority Level | Detect | Mitigate (Jam/Spoof/Takeover) | Kinetic Defeat | Key Scope |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DoD — Military Installations (§130i) | FULL | YES | YES | YES | Nuclear deterrence, missile defense, national security space, SOF, high-yield explosives. NDAA FY2026 §1707 expanded. JIATF-401 established Dec 2025. |
| Department of Energy — Nuclear Sites (§3111) | FULL — NEW | YES | YES | YES | NEWLY EXPLICIT in FY2026 NDAA. All DOE nuclear facilities: detect, intercept, warn, disrupt, seize, use reasonable force. 93 commercial reactors covered. |
| DHS — CBP | FULL | YES | YES | YES | Border zones, ports of entry. Long-standing authority. CAUTION: CBP-DoD deconfliction failure March 2026. |
| DHS — Secret Service | FULL | YES | YES | YES | All protectee locations, NSSEs, White House, Camp David. Broadest long-standing defeat authority. |
| DHS — Coast Guard | FULL | YES | YES | YES | Maritime zones, ports, offshore platforms. |
| DHS — PEO UAS/C-UAS (est. Jan 12, 2026) | EXPANDED | YES | YES | YES | NEW dedicated acquisition office. $1.5B contract vehicle. All DHS components covered. $115M for FIFA/America250. |
| DOJ — FBI | FULL | YES | YES | YES | All FBI operations, facilities, major events, NSSEs. Operates National Counter-UAS Training Center (Huntsville, AL). |
| DOJ — USMS | FULL | YES | YES | YES | Federal courts, DOJ buildings, protectee operations, prisoner transport. |
| DOJ — Bureau of Prisons | FULL | YES | YES | YES | All federal correctional institutions. Dedrone widely deployed. Contraband interdiction. |
| SAFER SKIES Act — Certified SLTT Law Enforcement (NEW) | NEW / CERT REQUIRED | YES | CERT REQUIRED | LIMITED | First-ever extension to state/local. FIFA World Cup 2026, Olympics 2028, NSSEs, airports, prisons. Individual officer cert at FBI Huntsville. $625M FEMA grants. |
| Tom Cotton Bill — Private CNI (PENDING) | PENDING | YES | PENDING | LIMITED (pending) | Not yet law. Would extend defeat to DHS-designated high-risk CNI: nuclear plants, key substations, bulk-power control centers. Watch this bill. |
| FAA | COORDINATION ONLY | YES | NO | NO | Exclusive airspace authority. Section 2209 UAFR = airspace restriction only. Must coordinate with FAA for ALL domestic defeat actions. |
| Facility / Site Type | Agency with Defeat Authority | Defeat Authorized | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nuclear deterrence (ICBMs, nuclear subs) | DoD | YES — full | Minot, Malmstrom, F.E. Warren AFB; Kings Bay Naval Base. Highest priority. |
| Nuclear reactors / DOE nuclear sites | DOE + DoD | YES — NEWLY EXPLICIT | FY2026 NDAA §3111. 93 commercial reactors. Implementing regulations being issued. |
| Missile defense sites | DoD | YES — full | THAAD, GBI at Fort Greely AK and Vandenberg, Aegis Ashore. |
| Federal prisons (BOP) | DOJ / BOP | YES — full | All BOP facilities. Dedrone widely deployed. |
| Presidential / protectee sites | Secret Service | YES — full | White House, VP residence, Camp David, all protectee locations. |
| Commercial airports (major) | TSA / DHS + FAA | YES — w/ FAA coord | El Paso March 2026 incident: DoD laser used without FAA notification, forced airspace shutdown. |
| NSSEs / FIFA World Cup 2026 | Secret Service + certified SLTT | YES — CERT REQUIRED (SLTT) | SAFER SKIES Act first deployment. 11 host cities. $625M FEMA grants. |
| State prisons | State LE + DOJ | CERT REQUIRED | SAFER SKIES Act: certified correctional officers can mitigate. Not same as BOP full authority. |
| Most commercial military bases (NOT covered) | DoD — UNCLEAR | LIMITED — ROE gap | CRITICAL GAP: DoD IG report Jan 2026 — ~50% of U.S. bases NOT formally designated. Luke AFB (75% of world F-35 training) was not covered. JIATF-401 tasked with fixing. |
| Private CNI operators (data centers, utilities, pipelines) | NONE currently | NO — zero authority | Detection, ID, track, alert, document only. Tom Cotton bill (pending) would extend limited defeat to DHS-designated high-risk CNI. |
| Uncertified state/local law enforcement | NONE (uncertified) | NO — uncertified | Funding ≠ authority. Individual officer certification required. Many agencies have FEMA grants but lack certified personnel as of May 2026. |
Individual certification, not agency-level. One officer completing FBI Huntsville training does NOT authorize the entire agency. Certification is role-specific. Agencies may ONLY use systems on the joint federal approved technology list (DOJ/DHS/DoD/DOT/FCC/NTIA). Penalty for unauthorized C-UAS actions: $100,000 per violation (NDAA FY2026 §8605(f)). Training backlogs exist as of May 2026.
Status: Introduced, not enacted (May 2026). Extends limited defeat to owners/operators of DHS-designated "high-risk" covered CNI facilities. Minimum covered: nuclear plants, key substations, bulk-power control centers. Permits: disruption, seizure, or destruction of threatening drones under federal oversight. For OpenAI: Build detection + documentation infrastructure now to support DHS high-risk designation application when this passes.
All documents in this suite are marked CoreBastion Security Consulting — Internal Use Only. These are planning and intelligence documents derived from public sources, government regulatory filings, company disclosures, and market intelligence. Pricing data are planning estimates only — all C-UAS vendor pricing is custom quote. Legal classifications reflect the author's reading of public law as of May 2026 and should not be construed as legal advice. Verify current regulatory status before any procurement or deployment decision.